Biographies : 101
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BiographyHABSBURG, Archduke Charles
The younger brother of Habsburg emperor Francis (and the older brother of Archduke John), Charles was the most respected Austrian Army commander of the early to mid-Napoleonic period, and one of the rare, capable military leaders to emerge from the Austrian imperial house. During the first decade of the nineteenth century he was also an […]
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BiographyHiller, Johann Freiherr von
Though there is much confusion over the place and date, a majority of sources agree that Johann Freiherr von Hiller was born on 10 June, 1754 in Brody (Galicia). His father was a colonel in (and subsequently commander of) the garrison in Brody, later ennobled in 1772 in recompense for his 45-year military service. At […]
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BiographyHOHENLOHE, Friedrich Ludwig von
A member of the Württemberg nobility who entered Prussian military service in 1768 and fought in the Rhine theatre during the War of the First Coalition, commanding a division at the successful defence of Kaiserlautern against Hoche in November 1793. At 60, he was one of the Prussian Army's more youthful commanders at the start […]
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BiographyHOHENZOLLERN-HECHINGEN, Friedrich Franz Xaver von and zu, Austrian Prince
Prince Friedrich Franz Xaver von and zu Hohenzollern-Hechingen, Burggrave of Nurnberg, Graf zu Sigmaringen and Währingen, Privy Councillor and Chamberlain, Feldmareschall, Commander of the Order of Maria Theresa (1809), member of the Order of the golden Fleece (1826), and Grand Croix of the order of Leopold (1830). Friedrich Franz Xaver followed in his father's footsteps […]
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BiographyJOMINI, Antoine Henri, Baron de
The man they called the “devin de Napoléon” (the man who guessed what Napoleon was about), because he wrote a definition of his way of making war, was born in Payerne (Switzerland), in the Vaud canton on 6 March, 1779, into a wealthy family (Payerne (Vaud) is 50 km S.-E. of Berne. Jomini was born at […]
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BiographyJurien de la Gravière, Jean-Pierre, (1812-1892) Vice-Admiral
Jurien de la Gravière was born at Brest on 19 November, 1812. He entered the army in 1828, and distinguished himself at a very young age through his talents. Appointed Capitaine de Frégate in 1841, he then carried out a three-year campaign in the Far East (1847-1850). He was then promoted to Capitaine de vaisseau […]
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BiographyKLEIST VON NOLLENDORF, Friedrich (Friedrich Heinrich Ferdinand Emil Graf Kleist von Nollendorf)
A Prussian officer, and later Generalfeldmarschall. He was born in Berlin on 9 April, 1763 and died on 17 February, 1823. He took part in the 1793-95 campaign against France at the rank of captain in the infantry, winning the Pour le Mérite medal in 1793.After this he commanded an Infantry Battalion in the “von […]
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BiographyKOLLOWRATH, Johann Karl, Count of
Born into a family of ancient lineage, he served initially against the Turks, and later commanded the artillery under Clerfay during the Revolutionary war, winning the Commander's cross of the Order of Maria Theresa. In 1803, he was appointed Commandant-General of Bohemia. In 1805, he served in the army whose mission it was to occupy […]
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BiographyKOSCIUSZKO, Tadeusz Andrzej Bonawentura
Polish general and patriot, (1746-1817) Tadeusz Kosciuszko was born in Merechevschina in Lithuania on 4 February, 1746. From 1776, he took part in the American War of Independence alongside the insurgents. When he returned to Poland in 1784, he joined the patriots there in the fight against the Russians. He was named Commander in Chief […]
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BiographyKRAY VON KRAJOWA, Paul
Fact file Born Kersmarch (Hungary), 1735, died 1804. Distinguished himself during the Seven Years War (1756-63) Extinguished the revolt of the Walachians in Transylvania, 1788 Made general in the war against the Turks, 1790 Temporary head of the Austrian army in Italy when Melas was ill, 1799 Victory over Schérer at Magnano, 5 April 1800 […]